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Map Ortelius

Map Ortelius
Map Ortelius
I need help with Social Homework!?

What is the different between the Psalter Map compared with the Abraham Ortelius map?

Please help because i can’t think of anything else

Psalter:

Is one of the earliest maps in Jerusalem. Though the map was very small only 15 cm by 10 cm, it contained a lot of information. The map its self symbolizes Christ’s powers overseeing all of the world.

While on the other hand Ortelius maps:

Were without a religious meaning. This maps are considered to be the first true atlas at least in modern sense.

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1588 Ortelius Rare Antique World Map - Typus Orbis


1588 Ortelius Rare Antique World Map – Typus Orbis


$24,999.00


1588 Ortelius Rare Antique World Map - Typus Orbis


1588 Ortelius Rare Antique World Map – Typus Orbis


$24,999.00


ORTELIUS MARIS PACIFICI. 1603. FIRST MAP OF THE PACIFIC


ORTELIUS MARIS PACIFICI. 1603. FIRST MAP OF THE PACIFIC


$7,600.00


ASIA JAPAN AUSTRALIA OLDCOL COPPER MAP ORTELIUS 1595 #8


ASIA JAPAN AUSTRALIA OLDCOL COPPER MAP ORTELIUS 1595 #8


$2,900.00


ANTIQUE MAP  - NETHERLANDS - ORTELIUS - 1592


ANTIQUE MAP – NETHERLANDS – ORTELIUS – 1592


$2,750.00


1670 Ortelius Map of Asia (first edition)


1670 Ortelius Map of Asia (first edition)


$2,750.00


CYPRI INSULA 1598 BY ORTELIUS, IMPORTANT MAP OF CYPRUS


CYPRI INSULA 1598 BY ORTELIUS, IMPORTANT MAP OF CYPRUS


$2,350.00


Map, antique Ortelius - Legend of Prester John - Africa


Map, antique Ortelius – Legend of Prester John – Africa


$1,595.00


1579 Ortelius Map of Portugal ( Porvgalliae )


1579 Ortelius Map of Portugal ( Porvgalliae )


$1,485.00


1570 Ortelius 1st ed. Antique Map of Greece


1570 Ortelius 1st ed. Antique Map of Greece


$975.00


Poland Lithuania Latvia Estonia old map Ortelius c.1590


Poland Lithuania Latvia Estonia old map Ortelius c.1590


$899.00


1570 Ortelius 1st ed. Antique Map of Greece


1570 Ortelius 1st ed. Antique Map of Greece


$850.00


CALIFORNIA CUBA HISPANIOLA COL MAP ORTELIUS 1603 #D196S


CALIFORNIA CUBA HISPANIOLA COL MAP ORTELIUS 1603 #D196S


$799.90


Mediterranean Sea Cyprus Malta copper map Ortelius 1598


Mediterranean Sea Cyprus Malta copper map Ortelius 1598


$799.00


1624 Ortelius Map TUSCANY ITALY Wonderfully Decorative!


1624 Ortelius Map TUSCANY ITALY Wonderfully Decorative!


$650.00


1601 Ortelius Antique Map Friesland & Groningen Holland


1601 Ortelius Antique Map Friesland & Groningen Holland


$590.00


1601 Ortelius Antique Map Friesland & Groningen Holland


1601 Ortelius Antique Map Friesland & Groningen Holland


$575.00


World Map c.1655 Ortelius rare Turrini printing America


World Map c.1655 Ortelius rare Turrini printing America


$502.50


1624 Ortelius Map Ancient NORTHERN ITALY Lakes & Alps


1624 Ortelius Map Ancient NORTHERN ITALY Lakes & Alps


$499.99


Namurcum comitatus,1609,original antique map,Ortelius,


Namurcum comitatus,1609,original antique map,Ortelius,


$499.00


1579 Ortelius Antique Map of Wales - Cambriae Typus


1579 Ortelius Antique Map of Wales – Cambriae Typus


$475.00


1579 Ortelius Map of Calais and Vermandois, France and


1579 Ortelius Map of Calais and Vermandois, France and


$467.50


Latvia Estonia rare old map, Ortelius about 1580


Latvia Estonia rare old map, Ortelius about 1580


$450.00


Ortelius France Calais 1584 Antique Map 28382


Ortelius France Calais 1584 Antique Map 28382


$435.68


Ortelius France Spain Burgundy 1584 Antique Map 28381


Ortelius France Spain Burgundy 1584 Antique Map 28381


$435.68


Corsica,Sardinia and Crete,1592,antique map by Ortelius


Corsica,Sardinia and Crete,1592,antique map by Ortelius


$433.00


Luxemburg,1603,antique map,Ortelius,Lutzenburgensis


Luxemburg,1603,antique map,Ortelius,Lutzenburgensis


$433.00


North & South America 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


North & South America 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


$416.50


1579 Ortelius Antique Map of Wales - Cambriae Typus


1579 Ortelius Antique Map of Wales – Cambriae Typus


$399.00


GENUINE ANTIQUE MAP of SPAIN by Abraham Ortelius c.1606


GENUINE ANTIQUE MAP of SPAIN by Abraham Ortelius c.1606


$378.26


Sardinia Italy c.1655 Ortelius color map w/ sea monster


Sardinia Italy c.1655 Ortelius color map w/ sea monster


$262.50


1656 Ortelius Antique Map Barbary Coast Rare Framed


1656 Ortelius Antique Map Barbary Coast Rare Framed


$260.00


Welsh Cambriae 1734 Ortelius Sanson Antique Map 35692


Welsh Cambriae 1734 Ortelius Sanson Antique Map 35692


$256.48


ANTIQUE MAP- NAMURCUM - NAMEN -BELGIUM- Ortelius-1600


ANTIQUE MAP- NAMURCUM – NAMEN -BELGIUM- Ortelius-1600


$229.00


Portugal 1655 Ortelius engraved color map sailing ship


Portugal 1655 Ortelius engraved color map sailing ship


$192.50


England Wales c.1655 Ortelius nice hand color map mini


England Wales c.1655 Ortelius nice hand color map mini


$192.50


ANTIQUE MAP- LIMAIGNE -FRANCE-ORTELIUS- 1596


ANTIQUE MAP- LIMAIGNE -FRANCE-ORTELIUS- 1596


$179.90


1579 Ortelius 2 Part Map Berry (Cher) Bourges, Auvergne


1579 Ortelius 2 Part Map Berry (Cher) Bourges, Auvergne


$175.00


1579 Ortelius Dual Map CALAIS BOULOGNE COAST VERMANDOIS


1579 Ortelius Dual Map CALAIS BOULOGNE COAST VERMANDOIS


$175.00


1572 Ortelius Map Bohain-en-Vermandois, Picardy, France


1572 Ortelius Map Bohain-en-Vermandois, Picardy, France


$175.00


Bohemia Germany Czech 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


Bohemia Germany Czech 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


$171.50


Western Europe c.1655 Ortelius hand color miniature map


Western Europe c.1655 Ortelius hand color miniature map


$171.50


Barbary Coast Africa c1655 Ortelius hand color mini map


Barbary Coast Africa c1655 Ortelius hand color mini map


$171.50


Hungary c.1655 Ortelius nice hand color miniature map


Hungary c.1655 Ortelius nice hand color miniature map


$171.50


Hispania Spain c.1655 Ortelius engraved hand color map


Hispania Spain c.1655 Ortelius engraved hand color map


$167.50


Cadiz Spain 1655 Ortelius hand color engraved map nice


Cadiz Spain 1655 Ortelius hand color engraved map nice


$157.50


Valencia Spain 1655 Ortelius hand color engraved map


Valencia Spain 1655 Ortelius hand color engraved map


$157.50


ORIGINAL ANTIQUE MAPS by ORTELIUS, FRENCH REGIONS c1579


ORIGINAL ANTIQUE MAPS by ORTELIUS, FRENCH REGIONS c1579


$149.99


Rome Central Italy 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


Rome Central Italy 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


$136.50


Abruzzo Italy Venice c.1655 Ortelius hand color map


Abruzzo Italy Venice c.1655 Ortelius hand color map


$136.50


Lutzenburgensis,1600,original antique map,Ortelius,


Lutzenburgensis,1600,original antique map,Ortelius,


$133.00


Brabant Belgium 1655 Ortelius nice engraved color map


Brabant Belgium 1655 Ortelius nice engraved color map


$122.50


Bavaria Germany Poland 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


Bavaria Germany Poland 1655 Ortelius engraved color map


$115.50


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Europe


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Europe


$100.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Tartaria,Asia


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Tartaria,Asia


$100.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Italy


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Italy


$100.00


1598 - Persia Iran / Persien Ortelius Map - Original!!


1598 – Persia Iran / Persien Ortelius Map – Original!!


$99.99


1598 - Turkey Cyprus / Ortelius Map Original !!


1598 – Turkey Cyprus / Ortelius Map Original !!


$99.99


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Russia


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Russia


$90.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Persia


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Persia


$90.00


1598 - Tunesia / Africa Tunesien Afrika Ortelius Map !!


1598 – Tunesia / Africa Tunesien Afrika Ortelius Map !!


$89.99


Switzerland Map 1667 Ortelius


Switzerland Map 1667 Ortelius


$83.75


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Portugal


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Portugal


$80.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Prussia/Poland


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Prussia/Poland


$80.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Germany


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Germany


$80.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Baltic,Poland


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Baltic,Poland


$80.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of France


$80.00


1647.A.Ortelius. Mini map of Austria


1647.A.Ortelius. Mini map of Austria


$80.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Switzerland


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Switzerland


$70.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Lombardy,Italy


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Lombardy,Italy


$70.00


MINIATURE ANTIQUE MAP -NAMURCUM -BELGIUM-Ortelius -1602


MINIATURE ANTIQUE MAP -NAMURCUM -BELGIUM-Ortelius -1602


$69.90


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Lazio,Italy


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Lazio,Italy


$60.00


ANTIQUE MAP- NAMUR-NAMEN- BELGIUM- Ortelius- c. 1604


ANTIQUE MAP- NAMUR-NAMEN- BELGIUM- Ortelius- c. 1604


$59.90


MINIATURE ANTIQUE MAP-ARTOIS-BELGIUM -Ortelius-ca. 1600


MINIATURE ANTIQUE MAP-ARTOIS-BELGIUM -Ortelius-ca. 1600


$57.50


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Cadiz,Spain


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Cadiz,Spain


$55.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Holstein,Germany


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Holstein,Germany


$50.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Abruzzi,Italy


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Abruzzi,Italy


$50.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Bavaria, Germany


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Bavaria, Germany


$50.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of n.Bavaria,Germany


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of n.Bavaria,Germany


$50.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Bavaria,Germany


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Bavaria,Germany


$50.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Aisne,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Aisne,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Picardie,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Picardie,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Cote d’Or,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Cote d’Or,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of e.Burgandy,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of e.Burgandy,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Namur,Belgium


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Namur,Belgium


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Poitou,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Poitou,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Lorraine,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Lorraine,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Limousin,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Limousin,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius. Mini map Brittany,France


1647.A.Ortelius. Mini map Brittany,France


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Liege,Belgium


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Liege,Belgium


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Flanders,Belgium


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Flanders,Belgium


$40.00


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Anjiou,France


1647.A.Ortelius.Mini map of Anjiou,France


$40.00


ITALY AUSTRIA 1578 ORTELIUS ANTIQUE COPPER ENGRAV. MAP*


ITALY AUSTRIA 1578 ORTELIUS ANTIQUE COPPER ENGRAV. MAP*


$32.03


World Map Latin Ortelius Chart  Art Reproduction Print


World Map Latin Ortelius Chart Art Reproduction Print


$29.99


Vintage 1570 S.E. Asia Old Map by Abraham Ortelius USA


Vintage 1570 S.E. Asia Old Map by Abraham Ortelius USA


$29.95


1667 Scarce Ortelius Map of Austria


1667 Scarce Ortelius Map of Austria


$24.99


1604 Lovely Ortelius Map of Lorraine


1604 Lovely Ortelius Map of Lorraine


$24.99


Ancient Ireland Repro Ortelius 45


Ancient Ireland Repro Ortelius 45″x35″ Map 1606 Poster


$22.40


1602 Ortelius Map of Russia Poster Print 20


1602 Ortelius Map of Russia Poster Print 20″ x 30″ NEW


$19.99


World Map Latin Ortelius Chart  Art Reproduction Print


World Map Latin Ortelius Chart Art Reproduction Print


$19.99


Map of Greece: Abraham Ortelius. 27.50 inches by 18.75 inches. Art Print Poster


Map of Greece: Abraham Ortelius. 27.50 inches by 18.75 inches. Art Print Poster



Map of Greece: Abraham Ortelius. Total Size: 27.50 inches by 18.75 inches. Image Size: 26.50 inches by 17.75 inches Art Print Poster…


Map of The Middle East 24x36 Giclee


Map of The Middle East 24×36 Giclee


$57.42


Series: Theatro D\’el Orbe La Tierra – OrteliusArtist: A. OrteliusPeriod: Source country: SpainSource Year: 160224 inch by 36 inch Giclee print on standard paper.All files are stored digitally and are ready for reproduction. The quality is closely monitored to ensure professional results.This item is custom made per order….

World Map Framed Print by Ortelius, c. 1600


World Map Framed Print by Ortelius, c. 1600


$79.99


Superbly reproduced from Abraham Ortelius’ 16th-century illustration, this “Map of the World” is framed and ready to hang. Although remarkably accurate for its time, you’ll notice some interesting details, including a massive southern continent. SmartBargains Style #3058219503…

Antique Maps and Their Cartographers (First Edition)


Antique Maps and Their Cartographers (First Edition)




Rand McNally World Atlas Premier Edition


Rand McNally World Atlas Premier Edition



Handsome green vinyl Folio oversized book with rich deep gilt lettering on cover. Numerous colorful maps and illustrations throughout. Boards are black and white reproduction of the Map of the World which appeared in the rare first editon of Abraham Ortelius atlas, Thetrum Orbis Terrarum in 1570….


Imagined Corners: Exploring the World's First Atlas


Imagined Corners: Exploring the World’s First Atlas


$10.66


Published in Antwerp in 1570, the Theatrum orbis terrarum did something no previous book had done—it presented the world in all its component parts, offering the chance to see our planet as a place of staggering variety and ultimate unity. It was the world’s first atlas. Brainchild of Abraham Ortelius, the Theatrum reflected the enormous vitality of the era, the prevailing zest for explo…

Map of North Sea - Paper Poster (18.75 x 28.5)


Map of North Sea – Paper Poster (18.75 x 28.5)



by Ortelius, A. -1602…


Building in Spain - Paper Poster (18.75 x 28.5)


Building in Spain – Paper Poster (18.75 x 28.5)



by Ortelius, A. -1602…


Map of Scotland - Paper Poster (18.75 x 28.5)


Map of Scotland – Paper Poster (18.75 x 28.5)



by Ortelius, A. -1602…


Ortelius World Map Accessories Box


Ortelius World Map Accessories Box


$64.95


This finely crafted men’s accessories box features a historic world map from a 1579 edition of the Ortelius Atlas, the world’s first comprehensive atlas. The atlas was created by cartographer Abraham Ortelius. Box has varnished dark cherry wood and a ceramic tile top. The inside is lined with dark green velvet. Perfect for desks or dressers. 7 3/4 x 6 x 3. Map courtesy of Oppenheimer Editions. Ships in 3 days Also available as a Fine Art print starting at $700.

NYT Ortelius Maps Edition -- Africa


NYT Ortelius Maps Edition — Africa


$900


One of five maps in the exclusive New York Times limited-edition set published by Oppenheimer Editions. Each map is taken from a rare and unusually fine 1579 edition of the Ortelius Atlas, with original color dating to the period. Each map captures every nuance of cartographer Abraham Ortelius’s original hand-colored engravings, including the patina of the antique color, with remarkable accuracy. The maps, in a limited edition of 350, are reproduced on high-grade paper and measure 16 1/2 x 21 — the exact size of the originals. Prices are subject to change at any time as these maps are in a numbered limited edition and prices will increase as the edition sells out.

NYT Ortelius Maps Edition ---- Asia


NYT Ortelius Maps Edition —- Asia


$500


One of five maps in the exclusive New York Times limited-edition set published by Oppenheimer Editions. Each map is taken from a rare and unusually fine 1579 edition of the Ortelius Atlas, the world’s first comprehensive atlas. Each map captures every nuance of cartographer Abraham Ortelius’s original hand-colored engravings, including the patina of the antique color, with remarkable accuracy. The maps, in a limited edition of 350, are reproduced on high-grade paper and measure 16 1/2 x 21 — the exact size of the originals. Prices are subject to change at any time as these maps are in a numbered limited edition and prices will increase as the edition sells out.

NYT Ortelius Maps Edition - World


NYT Ortelius Maps Edition – World


$700


One of five maps in the exclusive New York Times limited-edition set published by Oppenheimer Editions. Each map is taken from a rare and unusually fine 1579 edition of the Ortelius Atlas, the world’s first comprehensive atlas. Each map captures every nuance of cartographer Abraham Ortelius’s original hand-colored engravings, including the patina of the antique color, with remarkable accuracy. The maps, in a limited edition of 350, are reproduced on high-grade paper and measure 16 1/2 x 21 — the exact size of the originals. Prices are subject to change at any times as these maps are in a numbered limited edition and prices will increase as the edition sells out. Also available as an accessories box.

NYT Ortelius Maps Edition -- America


NYT Ortelius Maps Edition — America


$500


One of five maps in the exclusive New York Times limited-edition set published by Oppenheimer Editions. Each map is taken from a rare and unusually fine 1579 edition of the Ortelius Atlas, the world’s first comprehensive atlas. Each map captures every nuance of cartographer Abraham Ortelius’s original hand-colored engravings, including the patina of the antique color, with remarkable accuracy. The maps, in a limited edition of 350, are reproduced on high-grade paper and measure 16 1/2 x 21 — the exact size of the originals. Prices are subject to change at any time as these maps are in a numbered limited edition and prices will increase as the edition sells out.





$112


This framed “Britain and Ireland” print is reproduced from the historic map by Abraham Ortelius, who created the first modern atlas of the world. Dating from the 16th century, it features decorative details, including ships sailing the ocean. “Britain and Irland” framed print by Abraham Ortelius, Finished picture: 18 x 24 in., Reproduction of an illustration by Abraham Ortelius, c. 1600, Framed in gold-tone wood with a mat






$2.49


Used – Published in Antwerp in 1570, the “Theatrum Orbis Terrarum” did something no previous book had done: here was the world in all its component parts, the chance to see out planet as a place of staggering variety and ultimate unity. The world’s first-ever atlas was the brain-child of Abraham Ortelius; it reflected the great vitality of the era, the prevailing zest for exploration and discovery and the linked activities of commerce and map-making. It was a work born of collaborative friendshi






$27.13


New – Published in Antwerp in 1570, the “Theatrum Orbis Terrarum” did something no previous book had done: here was the world in all its component parts, the chance to see out planet as a place of staggering variety and ultimate unity. The world’s first-ever atlas was the brain-child of Abraham Ortelius; it reflected the great vitality of the era, the prevailing zest for exploration and discovery and the linked activities of commerce and map-making. It was a work born of collaborative friendship






$112


The maps of 16th century cartographer Abraham Ortelius are works of art. In this reproduction of his map of Italy, swirling seas contain detailed illustrations of ships plus a large depiction of Neptune and a mermaid. Framed and ready to hang. “Map of Italy” framed print by Abraham Ortelius, c.1600, Finished picture: 18 x 24 in., Reproduced from the illustration by Abraham Ortelius, c. 1600, Framed in gold-tone wood with a mat






$112


Superbly reproduced from Abraham Ortelius’ 16th-century illustration, this “Map of the World” is framed and ready to hang. Although remarkably accurate for its time, you’ll notice some interesting details, including a massive southern continent. “World Map” framed print by Abraham Ortelius, c. 1600, Finished picture: 18 x 24 in., Reproduced from an illustration by Abraham Ortelius, c. 1600, Framed in gold-tone wood with a mat

Cayamay Lactus – apocryphal source of five major river systems in Southeast Asia

For nearly four years, many maps of Asia, and in particular India and Southeast Asia, represents a huge lake far to the northeast of the Bay of Bengal. This lake, alternatively called Chiamay, May Chiam, Chian-nay, or Cayamay, it is postulated to be the source of four to five major river systems of Southeast Asia, the Irrawaddy, the Dharla, the Chao Phraya, the Brahmaputra, and Mekong. Today we know that Lake Chiamay is totally absent, but where is this persistent myth?

1685 World map showing Bormeester Chiamay

The earliest reference to the Lake Chiamay we have been able to come across the c. 1550 geographic study produced by Jao de Barros. Barros, who is not known to have traveled to the east, compiled his Geography of the reports of the Portuguese explorers in the region, which is extracted, no doubt many of his ideas on the remote interior of Southeast Asian indigenous authorities. Its most likely origin for our purposes is more likely Fernao Mendez Pinto. Today Barros geography is unfortunately lost, but some of his commentary survives through Ramusio GB and 1554 edition of "Navigationi et viaggi. "While some have argued that Ramusio could not have had access to Barros comment because that was not published at the time, it provides reference Ramusio clear that he did indeed have an unpublished manuscript Barros. Ramusio includes several maps in his "Navigationi et viaggi" that have been drawn around 1550 and represent Lake.

Fernao Mendez Pinto, the most likely source of Barros and the lake called "discovery" is the only European who claims to have visited the lake itself. Pinto apparently discovered the lake in 1744. Overall, while Barros was highly respected in his day, a geographer Pinto is considered unreliable the best and the worst it has been dubbed the "Prince of fiction." Why this is the case when it was no doubt made in Siam, can be explained when own sources are evaluated. Pinto may have heard about the lake at the Royal Court of Siam, one of the kings of which are said to have invaded and captured Chiamay many cities around it.

href = "http://www.geographicus.com/P/AntiqueMap/IndiaMogolis-seutter-1740">

1540 Seutter Map of India, Tibet and Southeast Asia

That Pinto derives much of its geography of local origin is highly probable. What he and his readers back to Europe has not had with the presence of a mythical geography and semi-mythical Hindu-Buddhist-overlapping real geography. Hindu and Buddhist mythology considered related Manasarovar and Rakshastal lake today in Tibet, to be the spiritual source of the four major rivers religious and geographical continent, the Brahmaputra, the Karnali, the Indus and the Sutlej. As Hindu-Buddhist culture expanded in Southeast Asia, these four rivers and lakes of origin were reassociated with the local rivers, such as the Irrawaddy, the Dharla, the Mekong and Chao Phraya.

From a European perspective, the association of these river systems together with a single source is an assumption almost natural. The five rivers are very similar. That is, all appear to come from roughly the same area along the entire flow of more or less parallel courses, and all have huge volume river. The association of a large lake with the source is natural. Given the size and orientation of these river systems, a natural form speculated that the origin of the lake it must be enormous. Such speculation was not uncommon for cartographers working in the 18th century and earlier. Cartographers, who rarely traveled the world itself, had the difficult task of gathering and interpreting various vague and contradictory accounts often traveling, and the reconciliation of new information accepted allocations.

Whatever the original source for Lake Chiamay has been starting to appear on maps and in the Gastaldi map of 1550 (although some speculate that this map was drawn years earlier). Lake was embraced by Ortelius in his c. 1570 Asia assignments and eventually partnered with several fantasies hope of a river passage through central Asia to the North Sea. Almost all subsequent assignments until the late 18th century include Lake Chiamay in various forms. Later, when explorers began to penetrate the region with greater regularity, in point of various partners Chiamatwas any lake discovered in the area, including Koko Nor (Qinghai Lake) in China and the current Lake Manasarovar in Tibet. By the late 18th century the lake had moved far west of its original location and has shrunk to a fraction of their size original. In the 19th century, disappeared altogether.

The source of the name, "Chiamay" can be derived from the original discovery of Pinto Lake in the records of the royal court of Siam. Pinto learned of a real attack to conquer and claim Chiang Mai, the capital of Lanna Kingdom.

1848 Homann Heirs Map of India and Southeast Asia

The city of Chiang Mai, which is now part of Thailand was founded in 1296 and was frequently invaded and conquered by both the Siamese and Burmese empires before being formally incorporated into the rule of Siam in the 18th century. Although there is no lake near Chiang Mai, Pinto, who is not known for their reliability, may have misinterpreted what was said. Chiamay Lake is most likely the result of Pinto lack of understanding of the histories of the royal court of Siam, with misassociations about Buddhist-Hindu mythology associated with Manasarovar, and natural assumptions based on the similarities observable large river systems in southeast Asia.

Sven Hedin discussed this lake and its origins in great detail in his fascinating and well-documented 1919 article, "The first European Knowledge of Tibet."

About the Author

Kevin Brown is a prominent rare and antique map dealer with the New York firm Geographicus Antique Maps.

http://www.geographicus.com

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